The contributions of the logical reasoning and arithmetic operation concepts to arithmetic word problems: Relational and instrumental mental representation as mediators

Objectives: Transforming arithmetic problems to a mental representation is a very crucial process in solving arithmetic word problems. Logical reasoning and arithmetic operation concepts are the proposed variables which may predict the transformation from word problems to mental representations. The aim of this study was to examine whether these two variables predicted the word problem performance via the formations of relational and instrumental mental representations. Methods: Seventy primary 6 Hong Kong students (32 boys and 38 girls) were assessed on logical reasoning, arithmetic operations concepts, relational and instrumental mental representations, working memory, IQ and word problem performance. Results: The effect of logical reasoning on word problems was partially mediated by both relational and instrumental mental representation. The effect of arithmetic operation on word problems was partially mediated by instrumental mental representation. Conclusion: The results suggested the importance of the training on logical reasoning and arithmetic operation concepts and adopting the approach of forming RMR in teaching from mathematics teachers. All rights reserved.