Teaching development grants final and financial report: Development of e-learning package to enhance learning and teaching probability and statistics

Data science has become an emerging subject that can be widely applied across various fields of study, such as business, engineering, medicine, science, and social science. In the 21st century, data can be constantly collected due to technology advancement, and a data-driven approach has become an essential part of decision making. Statistical techniques are always important tools in a data-driven approach for data exploration. However, not many undergraduate and even graduate students are fully equipped with statistical thinking skills to analyze data and to make decisions based on data. It is because all the statistical tools are built upon probability distributions and many students have insufficient fundamental knowledge of probability. As a result, many students wrongly use statistical tools to analyze data. The results could draw a wrong conclusion, leading to a wrong decision. In this regard, innovative digital learning objects will be developed with a powerful statistical tool, R, and an appropriate curriculum will be designed in this project, to facilitate teaching and learning of probability distributions. In addition, the deliveries can be placed on e-learning platforms and students can access the deliveries anytime and anywhere when they are connected to internet, to facilitate blending learning and flipped classrooms.