Multicultural trends in Europe

Since the 1960s, multicultural policies and practices have been lauded as essential for managing the increasing racial, ethnic, religious and cultural diversity in Europe, as elsewhere. Multiculturalism emerged from the recognition of difference as a strategy of policy and practice for living with diversity. Yet the different histories, traditions and conditions in countries across Europe has meant that the commitment to and enactment of multiculturalism has varied widely. As a consequence, multiculturalism in Europe has increasingly been re-aligned to focus on the intercultural relations of living in diversity and the dynamic policies and processes needed to build mutual cultural exchange and culture formation for social equity and cohesion. Copyright © 2021 selection and editorial matter, Christine Halse and Kerry J. Kennedy; individual chapters, the contributors.