Modeling EFL learners' willingness to communicate: The roles of face-to-face and digital L2 communication anxiety

Keyphrases

• Willingness to Communicate 100%
• EFL Learners 100%
• L2 Communication 100%
• L2 WTC 100%
• Communication Anxiety 100%
• Out-of-class 40%
• Ideal L2 Self 40%
• Digital Environment 40%
• Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) 20%
• Copyright 20%
• University Students 20%
• English Language Skills 20%
• Communicative Competence 20%
• Survey Response 20%
• Face-to-face Communication 20%
• Self-perceived 20%
• Positive Evaluation 20%
• Informal Digital Learning of English 20%
• Teaching English as a Foreign Language 20%
• L2 Self 20%
• Ought-to L2 Self 20%
• Willingness to Communicate in a Second Language 20%
• Korean Learning 20%
• L2 Enjoyment 20%
• Digital Anxiety 20%
• Lower Face 20%
• Digital Communication 20%

Psychology

• Face-To-Face Communication 100%
• Digital Communication 100%