Light-driven reduction of CO₂ to CO in water with a cobalt molecular catalyst and an organic sensitizer

We report an efficient visible light-driven CO₂ reduction system that functions in water and without any noble metal nor rare materials. Using the cobalt complex [Co(qpy)(OH₂)₂]²⁺ (1, qpy = 2,2′:6′,2″:6″,2‴-quaterpyridine) as a catalyst, an organic triazatriangulenium (TATA+) salt as the photosensitizer (PS), BIH + TEOA (BIH = 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole and TEOA = triethanolamine) as the sacrificial reductant (SD), CO and formate were first produced with a total TON >3700 upon irradiation in CO₂-saturated CH₃CN solution with visible light. Upon the addition of a weak Brönsted acid (water), catalysis was enhanced and directed toward CO production (19,000 TON, 93% selectivity). The photocatalytic system was further shown to function in pure water as a solvent. High metrics with a TON for CO of 2600 and 94% selectivity were obtained using TEA (triethylamine) as the SD. Copyright © 2023 American Chemical Society.