Isotherm models for adsorption of heavy metals from water: A review

Xinyu CHEN, Md Faysal HOSSAIN, Chengyu DUAN, Jian LU, Yiu Fai TSANG, Md Shoffikul ISLAM, Yanbo ZHOU

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlespeer-review

348 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Adsorption is a widely used technology for removing and separating heavy metal from water, attributed to its eco-friendly, cost-effective, and high efficiency. Adsorption isotherm modeling has been used for many years to predict the adsorption equilibrium mechanism, adsorption capacity, and the inherent characteristics of the adsorption process, all of which are substantial in evaluating the performance of adsorbents. This review summarizes the development history, fundamental characteristics, and mathematical derivations of various isotherm models, along with their applicable conditions and application scenarios in heavy metal adsorption. The latest progress in applying isotherm models with a one-parameter, two-parameter, and three-parameter in heavy metal adsorption using carbon-based materials, which has gained much attention in recent years as low-cost adsorbents, is critically reviewed and discussed. Several experimental factors affecting the adsorption equilibrium, such as solution pH, temperature, ionic strength adsorbent dose, and initial heavy metal concentration, are briefly discussed. The criteria for selecting the optimum isotherm for heavy metal adsorption are proposed by comparing various adsorption models and analyzing mathematical error functions. Finally, the relative performance of different isotherm models for heavy metal adsorption is compared, and the future research gaps are identified. Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Original languageEnglish
Article number135545
JournalChemosphere
Volume307
Issue numberPart 1
Early online dateJul 2022
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Nov 2022

Citation

Chen, X., Hossain, M. F., Duan, C., Lu, J., Tsang, Y. F., Islam, M. S., & Zhou, Y. (2022). Isotherm models for adsorption of heavy metals from water: A review. Chemosphere, 307(Part 1). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135545

Keywords

  • Heavy metals
  • Adsorption
  • Isotherm models
  • Error functions
  • Carbon-based materials
  • PG student publication

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