Abstract
Large-scale international studies of student achievement have yielded rich evidence of links between academic achievement and characteristics of students, families, schools and countries. Students' micro-level academic achievement occurs within micro-system environments of family and school, which in turn are influenced by the economic and cultural macrosystem of a country. At the student level, mathematics, reading, and science achievement is related to gender and motivation (interest in reading, extrinsic motivation, effort and perseverance, self-efficacy and self concept). Furthermore, characteristics of a student's family are also linked to academic achievement, including family structure (two parents, single parent, step-parent, living with no parents, resident grandparent, number of siblings), socio-economic status, and educational resources at home (e.g., number of books). Likewise, school variables such as schoolmate characteristics, school resources and teacher characteristics are linked to a student's achievement. Lastly, a country's economic and cultural characteristics are linked to a student's achievement. Copyright © 2015 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
Original language | English |
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Title of host publication | Progress in education |
Editors | Roberta V. NATA |
Place of Publication | Huntington |
Publisher | Nova Science Publishers, Inc |
Pages | 93-108 |
Volume | 32 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9781634638265 |
ISBN (Print) | 9781634637909 |
Publication status | Published - Feb 2015 |