Costs of service disruptions to electricity consumers

After reviewing 16 recent studies, we 

1. (i) identify the general approaches used to estimate customer outage costs, 

2. (ii) ascertain the relative merits of each approach, and 

3. (iii) determine the extent to which existing studies can provide accurate and meaningful estimates. 

We present cost estimates on a common denominator, explain variations in the results, and suggest areas for future research. Copyright ©1992 Published by Elsevier Ltd.