靖康之難的成因是什麼?：從南渡時人的認識說起

宋室南渡，時人並未歸咎於士大夫沉溺山水。他們認為，靖康之難的因由，“內憂”遠大於“外患”，即朝廷腐敗的“遠因”遠大於外族南進的“近因”，並且認為，北宋亂事“本於君子小人之混淆,君子常不勝”。這都有別於宋亡以後把靖康之禍歸咎於天子沉溺娛樂、政策失誤的論調。
As to the Royal Song Family’s moving to the south,the then Song people did not ascribe it to the scholar-bureaucrats’ obsession with sightseeing entertainment. Rather, they held that the "internal worries" of the Jingkang Disaster far outweighed the "external troubles". That is to say, the court corruption as the "remote causes" far outweighed the southward invasion of foreign nations as the "near causes". Besides, they believed that the chaos in North Song Dynasty "originated from the confusion of gentlemen with petty men, and gentlemen are usually outmaneuvered". These perspectives are different from the post-Song Dynasty views that the Jingkang Disaster is incurred by the Emperor’s wallowing in entertainments and faults in policy decisions. Copyright © 2015上海大學.