趙元任詩文吟誦的語音差異

文章研究聽辨並測量了趙元任1971年以常州話吟誦的十篇詩文裡所有山/咸攝一三等字單韻母的44例發音，認為趙元任的常州話吟誦依據了詩文的語體特點，有的用紳談文言，有的用紳談白話，山/咸一三等字韻母發[ͻ]音體現文言色彩，發[θ]音體現白話色彩，少數字例聽感上介於二者之間。文章認為趙元任吟誦的山/咸一三等字的[ͻ]/[θ]差異反映了常州話“紳談”音的文言與白話之別，而後者與常州話“街談”音（連讀變調除外）基本一致，這反映出語音變異的社會性。
The authors of this paper listened to and compared Y. R. Chao’s reading of all 44 syllables with single vowel finals in the rhyme han-huan (Grade I and III of shan-xian rhyme groups) in 10 classical poems and prose passages in his Changzhou dialect recorded in 1971. It has been found that Y. R. Chao’s reading followed the classical works’ register. Some of the readings were in the written style of gentry talk in the Changzhou dialect while others were in its colloquial style. It has been revealed that finals with the vowel [ͻ] reflects the written style while the finals with the vowel [θ] reflect the colloquial one, with a few exceptions or variations between the two vowels. It is concluded that the different pronunciations of the vowels [ͻ] or [θ] in this rhyme represent respectively phonological features of the written and the colloquial styles in the gentry talk of the Changzhou dialect at an early stage of the last century. While the colloquial pronunciation in the gentry talk corresponds with the street talk, except for tone sandhi, the difference between [ͻ] and [θ] of this rhyme is an indicator showing that people’s social status is a factor to influence language sound changes. Copyright © 2016 徐州師範大學語言所.