腐敗容忍度與“社會反腐”：基於香港的實證分析

研究關注民眾對腐敗的容忍度，也即民眾對腐敗的接受程度。對腐敗容忍度的研究有助於揭示一個社會及其文化內生腐敗的重要原因，同時也對如何從社會層面自下而上有效遏制腐敗，也即“社會反腐”，有現實意義。研究以香港為個案探討腐敗容忍度的測量及影響因素。腐敗容忍度主要體現於三個方面：整體的腐敗容忍度、具體情形下的腐敗容忍度和反腐敗的行動意愿。基於2015年對香港市民1,025份有效問卷的調查數據，研究發現市民對腐敗的容忍度總體上很低。進一步的回歸分析則顯示，教育水平能夠顯著地降低人們對腐敗的容忍度。此外，腐敗經歷和年齡也是影響腐敗容忍度的重要因素。
This study explores citizens’ tolerance of corruption, namely the extent to which citizens accept corruption. Studies on corruption tolerance not only reveal the causes of corruption embedded in a society and its culture, but also have significant policy implications for containing corruption in bottom-up ways through social engagement. Using Hong Kong as a case, this research explores how to measure tolerance of corruption and what determines tolerance levels. Three measurements are used to gauge the level of tolerance: general tolerance of corruption, corruption tolerance in specific situations, and citizens’ willingness to report corruption. Based on the data from an original survey of 1,025 Hong Kong citizens in 2015, this research finds a very low level of corruption tolerance in Hong Kong. Regression analysis further shows that education significantly reduces citizens’ tolerance for corruption. Personal experience with corruption and age are also important factors affecting citizens’ attitudes towards corruption. Copyright © 2016 廣東人民出版社有限公司；廣東省治理現代化研究所.