《笑傲江湖》的政治諷喻與《明報》的轉型(1962-1969)

本文採用1967-1969年在《明報》連載的《笑傲江湖》為底本，並綜合研究金庸社評、六十年代《明報》、《明報月刊》、六七暴動與文革等史料，指出：
一、1962年難民潮後，金庸已經形成了他對中國國內政局的基本看法。他在這時候寫作的〈讀史隨筆〉，也有相當濃厚的政治諷喻意識。
二、1964年10月後，金庸不再避諱直接批評國內政局，自始以後，諛詞頌歌式的情節開始在他的小說出現。
三、金庸認為《明報》、武俠小說同時具備「秉持正義」的精神。其時《明報》讀者十分清楚金庸的政治態度。讀者在《明報》同時讀到金庸的社評、小說，容易聯想到二者的關聯性。
四、《笑傲江湖》除了述寫權力鬥爭外，也有不少情節寓諷文革。若干部分的這些描述在《笑傲》的修訂版中被金庸刪除，因而弱化了《笑傲》初刊之時對於文革的諷喻意義。
本文以六十年代《明報》的轉型為切入點，嘗試鉤勒金庸政見、及其小說創作由「政治中立」走向「評論／諷喻政治」的發展過程，並說明其中的關聯意義。
Based on the ”The Smiling, Proud Wanderer” which was serialized in Ming Pao Daily has from 1967 to 1969, this thesis highlights the following by studying the critics of Jin Yong, Ming Pao Daily in the 60s, Ming Pao Monthly, the historical facts of the 1967 Riots in Hong Kong, and the Great Cultural Revolution(1966-1976) in China:
1. Jin Yong established his general view of the political situation in China after the incident of the flood of refugees from China in 1962. He completed ”Du Shi Sui Bi”(讀史隨筆), which was full of political parables at that time.
2. Ever since October 1964, Jin Yong no longer criticized the politics of China in a direct way. He began to use odic plots in his novels.
3. Jin believes that both Ming Pao Daily and martial arts fiction are filled with the spirit of upholding justice and righteousness. It was not difficult for the readers of Mind Pao Daily at that time to be aware of Jin’s political stand and they would easily associate the relation between his critics and his novels in Ming Pao Daily.
4. Besides the description of the conflicts of authority, Jin Yong has also arranged a few plots to satirize the Cultural Revolution in ”The Smiling, Proud Wanderer”. Nevertheless, Jin Yong has omitted some of these depictions in the revised edition, which weaken the irony to the Cultural Revolution in the first edition of this novel.
This thesis firstly depicts the transformation of Ming Pao Daily in the 60s, then it attempts to reveal that how the political views and fictions of Jin Yong turned from ”political neutrality” to ”political criticism or sarcasm”, and explicates the meaning of the connections in between. Copyright © 2007 中興大學中國文學系.