相信智力不變是否也認為個性難改？個人屬性內隱觀的普遍性

動機理論的認知心理學派認為，學生對智力、個性等個人屬性，是否先天固有不可改變的主觀想法，將直接影響他們的學習和行為表現。其影響的範圍，將取決於這類主觀想法是否具有普遍性。比如，有些學生認為智力是父母遺傳的，很難改變，這些學生會否同樣認為個性、道德等，也是父母遺傳，亦難改變?該研究希望瞭解是否有一主導思想，影響學生對智力、個性等不同個人屬性，是否先天不變的整體看法。被試為中國長春市高中一年級的學生，總計555人。研究采用問卷調查，通過比較多個結構方程模型，結果較傾向支持學生對個性、智力等五項個人屬性有共通一致的內隱觀。
Are personality, intelligence and other personal attributes inherited and unchangeable? Or, are they greatly influenced by the environment and are changeable? Students’ subjective belief will directly affect their learning and self perfecting behaviour Its influence depends on how universal this belief is For example, some students believe that intelligence is inherited from parents and is difficult to be changed Will these students also believe that personality, morality, etc are also inherited and are difficult to be changed? The present study attempts to understand whether there is a general belief that governs students′ view of the changeability of intelligence, personality and other personal attributes The subjects in the research consisted of 555 Junior Secondary 1 students in Chang Chun Comparisons of a number of competitive models using structural equation modeling on the survey data were conducted Results tended to support a common and general students′ implicit theory across personality, intelligence and other personal attributes. Copyright © 2002 中國心理學會; 中國科學院心理研究所.