潮州方言鼻音聲母：規則、演變、層次

本文結合語音實驗與19世紀羅馬字材料，研究潮州方言鼻音聲母的聲韻搭配規則、去鼻化音變及其與層次疊加形成的複雜音類。依實驗結果，本文證明傳統音系所描寫的潮州方言N₁V、N₁VN₂、N₁VC₂，實為N₁Ṽ、N₁ṼN₂、N₁ṼC₂結構。因而潮州方言符合閩南方言鼻音聲韻搭配規則：鼻音聲母須與鼻化母音搭配。這一規則制約歷時發生了去鼻化音變，並改造進入方言的晚近層次，造就了潮州方言與福建閩南方言在鼻音聲母讀音類型上的差別。
This paper studies the phonotactic rules and pronunciation strata of nasal consonants and vowels in the Chaozhou dialect in light of phonetic experiments and Romanization records in the nineteenth century. Phonetic data suggest that the putative structures of N₁V, N₁VN₂, and N₁VC₂ in traditional transcription are actually N₁Ṽ, N₁ṼN₂, and N₁ṼC₂. Our results fit the phonotactic rule of nasal consonants and vowels in Southern Min dialects; that is, nasal consonants must co-occur with nasalized vowels. This phonotactic rule is important for explaining diachronic changes of denasalization and different pronunciation strata in the Chaozhou dialect. Copyright © 2018 中國社會科學院語言研究所.