廣州話長短元音的語音實驗新探

本文針對[a:i]和[ɐi]、[a:u]和[ɐu]的對比，重新設計聲學和聽辨實驗以進一步探討廣州話長短元音問題，並對與[ɐi]相近的[ei]、與[ɐu]相近的[ou]也進行觀察，以作參照。聲學實驗更注重對比複合元音連續頻時協變之異同；聽辨實驗通過單向剪切和框式剪切對音節進行處理。聲學和聽辨實驗共同證明瞭[a:i]和[ɐi]、[a:u]和[ɐu]的韻腹和韻尾極點位置都很相似，區別關鍵在於韻腹韻尾相對時長不同；[ei]和[ɐi]、[ou]和[ɐu]則韻腹極點差異較大，兩者的區別在於韻腹音質不同。
This paper reports the acoustic experiment and perception test on the minimal pairs of [a׃i] and [ɐi], [a:u] and [ɐu], which aim to revisit the controversial issue of long and short vowels in Cantonese. Two other diphthongs [ei]? (similar to [ɐi] ) and [ou] (similar to [ɐu] ) are also analyzed for comparison. The acoustic experiment mainly focuses on the continuous co-variation of formants and duration. In the perception test, the stimuli are made by adjusting the duration ratio of vowel nucleus and coda in a diphthong through unidirectional-cutting or window-cutting. It is proved that [a׃i] and [ɐi] have similar targets of nucleus and coda but vary in durational structure; while the main difference between [ei] and [ɐi] is that their nuclear vowels have different auditory qualities. Similar conclusions can be drawn from the comparison of [a׃u] [ɐu] [ou]. Copyright © 2010 中國社會科學院語言研究所.