幼兒普通話空間方位詞運用研究：基於語料庫的研究

本研究依據語料庫，對幼兒普通話空間方位詞的運用情況進行分析，以考察幼兒普通話空間方位詞表達能力的發展情況。研究發現：(1)四個年齡段幼兒的普通話空間方位詞產詞能力存在顯著差異，2歲與5歲組幼兒之間的差異尤為顯著。(2)幼兒能夠使用所有類型的普通話空間方位詞，使用頻次從多到少依次為“裡”-“上”-“下”-“後”-“外”-“中”-“旁邊”-“前”-“東西南北”-“左右”。(3)幼兒傾向於使用“裡”和“上”這兩類空間方位詞，但在使用頻次上存在顯著年齡差異，具體表現為5歲幼兒這兩種類型的空間方位詞的產詞量出現了明顯飛躍。(4)幼兒普通話空間方位詞的使用量不存在顯著性別差異，不過男童對空間方位詞的使用能力略優於女童。
To study the development of children’s mandarin locative preposition, this paper, based on corpus, analyzes children’s use of the mandarin locative preposition. The results show: (1) there are significant differences between 4 age groups of children in their use of mandarin locative prepositions and the difference between 2 year old group and 5 year old group is especially obvious; (2) children can use all types of mandarin locative prepositions, and the frequency of use from high to low is‘inside’,‘on’,‘under’,‘behind’,‘outside’,‘in the middle of’,‘beside’,‘in front of’,‘east, west, south, north’, and‘left, right’; (3) children tend to use‘inside’and‘on’, but age groups show significant difference in the frequency of use;and children of 5 year old group are far ahead of other groups in the word ability of those two types of prepositions; (4)there is no significant difference between genders in the amount of mandarin locative prepositions they use, but boys are a little better than girls in the use of locative prepositions. Copyright © 2017 浙江教育報刊社.