大班幼兒自控力發展水準及與氣質類型的相關分析

採用問卷法和實驗法對天津市32名大班幼兒的自控力發展水準及與氣質類型的關係進行調查，結果發現：大班幼兒自控力總體處中上水準。自控力內部各要素發展不均衡，水準由高到低依次為延遲滿足能力、自我調節能力、沖動抑制能力、認知靈活性、計劃能力；自控力發展水準與其氣質類型呈顯著正相關。據此，提出以下建議：尊重不同氣質類型幼兒自控力發展水準的差異；加強對幼兒自控力表現的觀察與評價；將自控力培養作為幼兒入學準備和終身教育的重要內容。
Questionnaire and experimental methods are used to investigate the development level of self-control and the relationship between self-control ability and temperament types among 32 children in Tianjin. The results show that the overall level of self-control ability of children in senior class is at medium and upper levels. And the development of internal elements of self-control is unbalanced. Subentries, however, have not been developed evenly, the following are listed from the most developed to the least: delay of gratification, self-regulation, impulsion inhibition, cognitive flexibility and planning capability. The research shows a statistically significant and positive correlation between the level of development in ability of self-control and different temperament types. Suggestions for improving the ability of self-control are as follows: respecting the diversities on ability of self-control of different types of temperament, strengthening the observation and evaluation on children’s ability of self-control and promoting the ability of self-control into kindergarten educational content. Copyright © 2018 天津師範大學.