啟蒙之史：《中國古代史》與清末民初學子

夏曾佑《中國古代史》，本為清末中學堂教科書，1933年列入商務印書館 "大學叢書" 之中，成為大學用的歷史參考書，到2000年，該書被河北教育出版社列作 "二十世紀中國史學名著" 叢書之一，地位不住 "升級"。該書在中國近現代史學的影響，論者已作出頗詳盡的研究，但它對清末民初青年學子起的啟蒙作用，卻未受到應有的重視。本文以錢玄同、顧頡剛和錢穆幾位著名學者為例，探討他們青少年時習史，如何受到夏曾佑史書的啟廸。
Xia Zengyou’s Zhongguo gudai Shi was regarded as one of the major historical works written in the 20th century China. This book was originally a secondary history textbook published in late Qing and was upgraded, though making no revision at all, to be a history reference book for university students in the 1930’s. The significance of this book on the development of modern Chinese historiography has been discussed widely since the second half of the last century. However, as a history textbook for secondary students, the influence that Xia’s book had on the young learners of the first two decades of the last century has not received adequate investigation. In fact, this book had a good selling record at that time and should have certain degree of, if not great, influence on young history learners. Some key academics like Qian Xuantong, Qian Mu and Gu Jiegang read Zhongguo Gudai Shi in their young ages, and learned from this book, one way or another, the basic knowledge of Gouxue, the mythical history of ancient China, the new way of looking at the ancient Chinese history, and the methods of compiling history. These academics had outstanding scholarly achievement, particularly in the study of history, which could be, to a certain extent, considered as the result of the fact that they had been enlightened by this history textbook when they were young. Copyright © 2008 暨南大學學報編輯部.