同位結構“單數人稱代詞+一個NP”語用功能再考察

本文考察漢語同位結構“單數人稱代詞+一個NP”的語用功能，提出該結構用於觸發一個內容為“人稱代詞所指稱對象應具備特徵P”的背景命題，其中P為與語境有最大關聯的人物身份特徵。同時本文論證，背景命題無法納入現有的“預設”或“隱涵”概念，而是有必要作為一類獨立的言外之意來單獨考察。該結構的背景命題在交流中可起到完整資訊鏈、優化指稱對象語篇關聯度的作用。
This paper investigates the pragmatic function of the appositive construction "singular personal pronoun + yi ge(一個) NP" in Chinese. It is proposed that this construction is used to trigger a background proposition whose content is "the referent associated with the singular personal pronoun should have the property P", in which P is the property of the maximum contextual relevance concerning the referent’s identity. In the meanwhile, it is argued that the background proposition cannot be subsumed under the notions like "presupposition" or "implicature"; rather, it is an independent type of unexpressed meaning. At the level of communication, the background proposition can contribute to completing the information chain and optimizing the contextual relevance of the referent concerned. Copyright © 2020 北京語言大學.