北宋本洪芻《香後譜》辨正輯佚

北宋末洪芻（1066-1127?）所編香譜，實乃增修北宋中葉沈立《香譜》而成，原名《香後譜》。其主體部分，徽宗崇寧三年（1104）已近完成，時當洪氏中年。受舅父黃庭堅株連，洪芻捲入崇寧黨禁二十餘年，繼而靖康失節。洪譜因之禁毀而散佚，存世者無不錯漏淆亂。南宋初曾慥《類說》所據洪譜之舊鈔祖本，迥異且遠早於南宋末左圭《百川學海》所據洪譜之祖本。百川本的四部架構「品、異、事、法」缺亂，據宋元之際陳敬、陳浩卿父子《新纂香譜》繼承的隱含架構，可恢復洪譜原有的五部分類，即香之「品、異、法、事、文」。洪譜卷帙相應為五卷，非百川本的上下兩卷。洪譜原有篇幅，遠較百川本 147 條鴻富。據類說本及《郡齋讀書志》等，可新輯 22 條並洪芻自撰短跋 1 則。
Hong Chu (1066-1127?), a scholar-official in the Northern Song Dynasty, compiled an encyclopedia of incense during the final years of the dynasty. His encyclopedia revised and expanded the entities of the previous Encyclopedia of Incense compiled by Shen Li in the middle period of the dynasty. Hong thus titled his book as the“Updated Version”. It can be estimated that Hong, in his middle years, had already finished the major part of the Encyclopedia by 1104. Unfortunately, as a nephew of Huang Tingjian, Hong had been entangled in the Factional Conflict at court for more than two decades. He had never had his work printed because his uncle suffered from political persecution. Hong reportedly engaged in “improper conduct” when the Jurchens were invading capital Bianliang. As a result, the court banned Hong’s works and destroyed the manuscripts. Only a few texts have survived but are in disorder and plagued with mistakes. Some contents of the Encyclopedia can be found in Zeng Zao’s book digest Leishuo and Zuo Gui’s collection of books Baichuan xuehai. The study by the present author demonstrates that these two must have excerpted from different versions of the original manuscripts. While the former was published in the first half of the 12th century, the latter appeared about 100 years later when the Song Dynasty was about to collapse. According to Baichuan xuehai, the two fascicles of the Encyclopedia fall into four categories: “Species” (pin 品), “Miracles” (yi 異), “Anecdotes” (shi 事), and “Formulas” (fa 法). However, the entries excerpted in Baichuan xuehai were incomplete and the contents in disorder. The present study shows that there should be five, rather than four, categories in Hong’s Encyclopedia, and the fifth should be the “Verses” (wen 文). Thus, the Encyclopedia should have five fascicles and the number of its entries be much higher than the 147 included in Baichuan xuehai. The present study has also gleaned an additional 22 entries quoted by Leishuo and Junzhai dushu zhi (Abstracts and a Brief Introduction to the Collections of the Library Junzhai). Moreover, Hong Chu was found to compose a short epilogue for the Encyclopedia. Copyright © 2019 The FlySheet Group Co., Ltd.