勿賂•國之患果不在費•賂以制勝：三蘇《六國論》探賾

三蘇均著有《六國論》。蘇洵論六國之文“末影宋事”已為公論，蘇洵否定北宋歲幣和議，視為國之大患；蘇軾認為“國之患果不在費”；蘇轍主張賂以制勝：三人對北宋外交政策見解有別，對“賂敵”的詮釋和取捨不同。三蘇《六國論》分別對焦“歲幣”“任法而不任人”“天下之勢”，切入點均與時政相關。蘇軾、蘇轍《六國論》並不因循乃父論點，兩篇文章只字不提“賂秦”，其論述六國存滅之道與蘇洵有較大分別。但就針砭時弊的述史策略看，三篇文章筆法並無二致，反映二蘇沿襲了蘇洵史論文家法。
In the three essays written by the three Su father and sons, all titled "On the Six Fallen States", Su Xun repudiates Northern Song’s policy of bribing neighbouring states; Su Shi holds the belief that bribery had not scourged the country; Su Zhe considers bribery as a strategy for victory. Their essays differ in opinions towards Northern Song’s diplomatic policies, and in how they interpret, accept and reject "bribery of enemies". Besides, based on the political situation of their era, their essays focus respectively on discussing the policy of "offering annual gifts", "the preference for rule of law over rule of man" and "the general trend of all-under-heaven (tianxia)". The arguments raised and the discussions posed in Su Shi’s and Su Zhe’s essays differ widely from their father’s. Copyright © 2018 山西師範大學.