再探討漢語實詞的句法類別不定:從詞類原型語義特徵出發

梁源, 黃良喜

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlespeer-review

Abstract

本文從語義特徵出發,提出“特徵配合性彌散原則”來解決漢語詞項似無定類卻有定性的兩難:句法屮的各個 x⁰(即: N、 V、 Adj)具備自身的語義原型特徵賦值,每個詞項也具備自身的語義特徵賦值組合;詞項在填入句法結構的 x⁰ 位置時,在特徵不矛盾的前提下、通過彌散原則獲得相應詞性類別。因此,漢語的單個漢語詞項只有語義類別,但是,不同詞項的語義特徵賦值(specification)不同,因此,兼類的自然度(naturalness)也不同。
Building upon a semantic foundation, this paper proposes the Principle of Compatibility for Syntactic Percolation as a means to capture the elusive classification of Chinese lexical items. Essentially, terminal x⁰ (i.e. N, V, Adj) nodes of a syntactic tree have certain prototypical semantic features. Any lexical item that is associated with x⁰ inherits the syntactic class, subject to compatibility of semantic features between the lexical item and the corresponding x⁰. Thus, depending on how semantic features are specified for a given lexical item, since features may be unspecified, that lexical item may exhibit a certain degree of cross-classificatory naturalness. Copyright © 2012 北京大學中國語言學研究中心.
Original languageChinese (Simplified)
Pages (from-to)127-143
Journal語言學論叢
Volume46
Publication statusPublished - 2012

Citation

梁源和黃良喜 (2012):再探討漢語實詞的句法類別不定:從詞類原型語義特徵出發,《語言學論叢》,46,頁127-143。

Keywords

  • 漢語詞類
  • 語義原型特徵
  • 彌散
  • 兼類自然度
  • Alt. title: Reprise to the non-classifiability of Chinese lexical items: Approaching from a theory of semantic prototypes