再探討漢語實詞的句法類別不定：從詞類原型語義特徵出發

本文從語義特徵出發，提出“特徵配合性彌散原則”來解決漢語詞項似無定類卻有定性的兩難：句法屮的各個 x⁰（即： N、 V、 Adj）具備自身的語義原型特徵賦值，每個詞項也具備自身的語義特徵賦值組合；詞項在填入句法結構的 x⁰ 位置時，在特徵不矛盾的前提下、通過彌散原則獲得相應詞性類別。因此，漢語的單個漢語詞項只有語義類別，但是，不同詞項的語義特徵賦值（specification）不同，因此，兼類的自然度（naturalness）也不同。
Building upon a semantic foundation, this paper proposes the Principle of Compatibility for Syntactic Percolation as a means to capture the elusive classification of Chinese lexical items. Essentially, terminal x⁰ (i.e. N, V, Adj) nodes of a syntactic tree have certain prototypical semantic features. Any lexical item that is associated with x⁰ inherits the syntactic class, subject to compatibility of semantic features between the lexical item and the corresponding x⁰. Thus, depending on how semantic features are specified for a given lexical item, since features may be unspecified, that lexical item may exhibit a certain degree of cross-classificatory naturalness. Copyright © 2012 北京大學中國語言學研究中心.